The Water of Systems Change | FSG

By John Kania, Mark Kramer, and Peter Senge

The Water of Systems Change framework helps organizations understand that lasting change requires more than programs or policies. It examines the visible, semi-visible, and invisible conditions that shape outcomes, including power dynamics, relationships, and mental models. Campus Health 360 uses this perspective to help colleges and universities identify the deeper factors that influence student health and well-being across the entire campus ecosystem.¹

Places to Intervene in a System | The Donella Meadows Project

By Donella Meadows

Donella Meadows’ influential framework identifies twelve leverage points where strategic action can create meaningful change within complex systems. It illustrates how interventions focused on goals, information flows, and underlying assumptions often have greater impact than changes to individual events or structures. Campus Health 360 draws on these principles to help institutions focus improvement efforts where they can drive sustainable population-level outcomes.²

Complex Adaptive Systems: A Definition | Emergent Learnings

From Emergent Learning a definition of a Complex Adaptive System (CAS), which they describe as a network of interconnected people, organizations, and processes that continually adapt and influence one another. Health outcomes emerge from these dynamic interactions rather than from any single intervention or stakeholder. Campus Health 360 views the campus as a complex adaptive system, recognizing that lasting improvements require coordinated efforts across students, faculty, staff, healthcare providers, and institutional leadership.³

Making sense in a complex landscape: How the Cynefin Framework from Complex Adaptive Systems Theory can inform health promotion practice | Health Promotion International

By Eric K. Van Beurden, Annie M. Kia, Avigdor Zask, Uta Dietrich, and Lauren Rose

The authors highlight the importance of using systems thinking and complexity science to address health challenges that are shaped by many interconnected factors, such as mental health, health equity, climate change, and the social determinants of health. Improving campus well-being requires more than isolated programs — a main focus of Campus Health 360. Advancing health and well-being requires understanding how policies, environments, culture, and community systems interact to create lasting change across an institution.⁴

Systems Thinking for Health Systems Strengthening | World Health Organization and Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research

This World Health Organization resource provides a practical introduction to applying systems thinking to healthcare and public health challenges. It demonstrates how understanding interdependencies, feedback loops, and unintended consequences can improve the design and effectiveness of health interventions. Campus Health 360 incorporates these concepts to help institutions strengthen the many systems that influence student health and access to care.⁵

The Public Health 12 framework: interpreting the ‘Meadows 12 places to act in a system’ for use in public health | Archives of Public Health

By Kristy A Bolton, Jillian Whelan, Penny Fraser, Colin Bell, Steven Allender, Andrew D Brown

The Public Health 12 framework adapts Donella Meadows’ twelve leverage points specifically for public health practice. It offers a practical way to identify opportunities for change, ranging from programmatic interventions to shifts in culture, governance, and social norms. Campus Health 360 leverages this framework to help campuses move beyond isolated initiatives and pursue systemic strategies that generate lasting improvements in population health.⁶

Triple Aim | Institute for Healthcare Improvement

By Donald Berwick, Thomas Nolan, John Whittington

Developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, the Triple Aim provides a framework for simultaneously improving population health, enhancing the individual experience of care, and reducing costs. The model has become a foundational concept in value-based healthcare and quality improvement. Campus Health 360 applies these principles within higher education by seeking to improve student well-being while enhancing access, experience, and resource stewardship across campus health systems.⁷

Okanagan Charter | International Health Promotion Campuses Network

The Okanagan Charter calls on colleges and universities to embed health and well-being into all aspects of campus culture, administration, operations, and academic life. It encourages institutions to move beyond traditional health promotion programs and adopt a whole-campus approach to well-being. Campus Health 360 shares this vision by supporting coordinated, systems-level strategies that position health as a core institutional value and driver of student success.⁸

The Okanagan Charter to improve wellbeing in higher education: shifting the paradigm | Frontiers in Education

By Peter M. Ginter, Rebecca Kennedy, Paul C. Erwin, and Wendy Reed

An excellent discussion of moving from individual wellness toward systems and settings approaches.⁹

Limerick Framework | International Health Promotion Campuses Network

The Limerick Framework provides a structured approach for advancing health-promoting universities through systems thinking, collaborative leadership, and continuous improvement. It emphasizes the importance of aligning strategy, governance, policy, and culture to create sustainable change. Campus Health 360 utilizes similar principles to help institutions build integrated systems that improve health outcomes across the campus community.¹⁰

Just Culture: A Foundation for Balanced Accountability and Patient Safety | The Ochsner Journal

By Philip G Boysen II

The Just Culture framework promotes a balanced approach to accountability by recognizing that human error, system design, and organizational factors all contribute to outcomes. Rather than assigning blame, it focuses on learning, continuous improvement, and creating safer systems. Campus Health 360 embraces similar principles when supporting institutions in evaluating health and well-being challenges, fostering environments where improvement is driven by insight, collaboration, and shared responsibility rather than individual fault.¹¹